Two other people involved with the movie, werent so lucky, however. Their mission would eventually result in the defeat of the Taliban in just a few months. "I'm reading your story," he told Mr. Simpson's office and scheduling his appointments with prostitutes. Mr.. "Top Guns" read the headline, with a large photograph from inside the cockpit of an F-14 fighter jet. The day before he died, Mr. Simpson appeared to be bouncing back. The unlikely heroes driving the revival are Jerry and Linda Bruckheimer. So we all went on to other things. The story opened: "At Mach 2 and 40,000 feet over California, it . While it was in production, Messrs. Simpson and Bruckheimer reaped even bathroom at his home on Stone Canyon Road near the posh Hotel Bel-Air. Then we got the reviews, which werent. All Rights Reserved. Its simple: can you describe the movie in two sentences? The movie, budgeted at $40 million, came in at Were going to put you in an F-18. Jerry's hair color is red and his eyes color is blue. All films were produced by him, unless otherwise noted. Fuglsig succeeded in bringing the events of the real-life story to the big screen. Mr. Simpson didn't waste time. KING and flameout," says Barry Diller, who was chairman of Paramount Pictures in the Likely, he is active on Instagram with over 37.1K followers. "Don Simpson: An Education in Pain" -- in a salacious new book penned by Simpson, who was working out of his home or spending time at Canyon Ranch . Bruckheimer then worked with Paul Schrader on two films, American Gigolo and Cat People, which began to give him notice in Hollywood. A film buff at an early age with an interest in photography, Bruckheimer would take snapshots when he had the opportunity. After 9/11 and Edward Snowdens explosive revelations, the movie became noteworthy for its exploration of national security and privacy issues. de Sade.". Altogether, the film franchise has grossed over $4.5 billion worldwide. The Pirates of the Caribbean film series, produced through Walt Disney Pictures, was enormously profitable and demonstrated Bruckheimer's ability to create lucrative projects. On this list are just some of the movies Bruckheimer has produced over the years and a few of the tales that make them that much more interesting. Jerry Bruckheimer is considered to be one of the most prolific producers of all time, with a series of high-grosser movies to his credit. LONDON, ENGLAND - MAY 19: Producer Jerry Bruckheimer attends the Royal Film Performance and UK Premiere of "Top Gun: Maverick" at Leicester Square on May 19, 2022 in London, England. -- and he wanted to start with a role in his own film. [48] He donated $25,000 to the 2012 Mitt Romney Victory Fund.[49]. flourished. When we first came out, of course, Paramount said, oh, we have a big hit movie, we got to make a sequel, and can we make it cheaper? recalls Bruckheimer. I had no idea this was something that was going to last 35 years or get talked about as being a classic.. They were very happy to hear that., Original director Tony Scotts suicide in 2012 delayed the already long-gestating production and shocked the core team of Cruise and Bruckheimer. He also seemed intent weekend-long chase to sign Tommy Lee Jones, making numerous phone calls to , spider man far from home , , , "He just couldn't take it any longer.". The hits, however, seemed to dry up. [43], When asked about his favorite films, Bruckheimer named The Godfather (1972), The French Connection (1971), Good Will Hunting (1997), and The 400 Blows (1959).[5]. When "Days of Thunder" came out, it was a disappointment. Bruckheimer was born in Detroit, the son of German Jewish immigrants. been responsible for his success. "[9], Bruckheimer has been married twice. So the ones you see in the movie agreed up front that they were going to have to actually get in an F-18. for prostitutes; he was close friends with Hollywood madam Heidi Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Pirates of the Caribbean producer Jerry Bruckheimer recently confirmed that Johnny Depp is not in the plans for future installments of the Pirates of the Caribbean franchise. "Dangerous Minds," a film about a feisty white English teacher who takes on ", But Mr. Bruckheimer remained loyal to his erratic partner. "[41], In a 1984 interview with the Los Angeles Times, Bruckheimer said, "We [he and Don Simpson] put together all the elements. We are as much a part of the process as the director. The 77-year-old film and television producer is also the mind behind the CSI TV franchise and the American version of The Amazing Race. The Simpson/Bruckheimer films had young, sexy stars and an energy that The music video was also directed by Michael Bay. Bruckheimer is too much of a diplomat and too experienced in a capricious industry to count any of his former A-list collaborators out of the game. And that is not what that whole scene is about, she told Entertainment Tonight in 2019. trenches, where movies are made. ", Both Mr. Simpson and Mr. Bruckheimer were known for lavish lifestyles At one point, three of his TV series ranked among the top 10 in the U.S. ratingsa unique feat in television.[5]. and sound of movies with hits from "Top Gun" to "Beverly Hills Cop" to In 2001 Colonel John F. Mulholland was busy helping plan US entry into Afghanistan and part of the project was to find the right soldiers for the mission. His love of sport is well documented and rivalled only by his love of film. [10] He had a number of other hits during that time period, including the Beverly Hills Cop films, Top Gun, and Days of Thunder. produce the Richard Gere movie "American Gigolo.". Well, its really interesting because those films werent thought of as that when I made them, he says. Bruckheimer was also named as one of the investors of a proposed Seattle-based NHL expansion team, whose application was submitted in early 2018. Everyone is happy, It felt like being set upon by hounds: Eva Green found High Court battle painful experience, Little Richard: I Am Everything Rip-roaring bow for a star who was trangressive before the word existed, Castros Spies: Excellent Irish chronicle of Cuban spies in the US, Ammi Burke returns to High Court for hearing on claim of unfair dismissal from law firm, New town north of Drogheda under way to cater for population of more than 21,000, This has been a game-changer for me: how a room in the garden can transform your family life, Ken Early: Ridiculous game at Anfield leaves everyone looking foolish, Forget carrots, tomatoes, peppers: Here are the best vegetables to grow, Leeds consider sacking Javi Gracia and hiring third manager of season, Garda on course to lose 500 members via resignations and retirements by year-end, Bono illustration of Volodymyr Zelenskiy features on magazine cover, May Day rally hears calls for increased pay and reduced working hours, MasterChef Australia judge and chef Jock Zonfrillo dies aged 46, Its difficult to argue with Giannis Antetokounmpos take on failure in sport, Ukraine: Russian missile strike injures 34 as Kyivs military pushes Bakhmut counter-attack, Funeral for siblings killed in Tyrone road crash hears community left numb and speechless. had dropped. This year, fans finally got their long-awaited return to the National Treasure franchise with National Treasure: Edge of History, in which a new cast of young treasure hunters sets out . [32], Bruckheimer was named as one of the investors of a proposed sports arena in Las Vegas,[33] and he had been rumored to be the leading choice by the National Hockey League (NHL) to own an expansion hockey team that would play in the arena. People think you just make a film and you go away. it was psychological," says Mr. Toback, a screenwriter of movies such as But over time, when you work with talented artisans, that happens. overruns. The pool-house scene was one of the uglier ones in the long-running, Jerry Bruckheimer - Wikipedia The fourth movie, "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides," did reduce its run to two hours and 16 minutes, and thats because of the note producer Jerry Bruckheimer received on all of the films. . "We had this marathon, multihour conversation, after which he drifted was to Mr. Bruckheimer, an associate says. 'Top Gun' producer on why the movie theater model isn't dead: 'It's His films include Flashdance, Top Gun, The Rock, Crimson Tide, Con Air, Armageddon, Enemy of the State, Black Hawk Down, Pearl Harbor, Kangaroo Jack, and the Beverly Hills Cop, Bad Boys, Pirates of the Caribbean, and the National Treasure franchises. He underwent a series of plastic-surgery operations; one friend Directing duties passed to screenwriter Joseph Kosinski, who previously directed Tron: Legacy and Oblivion. It may have been the last conversation Mr. tremendous asset as he climbed the studio hierarchy; a raconteur, he was A collection of photos taken by Bruckheimer went on display in London in November 2007 to help raise money for the Cutty Sark Conservation Project. The two worked together and created Bruckheimer's first big hit, 1983's Flashdance, which brought in $95 million. JOSEPH KOSINSKI AND JERRY BRUCKHEIMER ON THE SET OF TOP GUN: MAVERICK FROM PARAMOUNT PICTURES, SKYDANCE AND JERRY BRUCKHEIMER FILMS. Mr. Simpson was the story expert, who would advise A week ago, Mr. Simpson was found dead in an upstairs In May 2006, he was honored with a Doctorate of Fine Arts degree (DFA) from the University of Arizona's College of Fine Arts. picture set on Alcatraz scheduled for release this summer. Here comes the missive: Youve got Maverick, all right? after the deal had been trumpeted. Simpson was working on The Rock when he died, and the film was dedicated to his memory. After the body was discovered, one of the first calls Mr. Simpson made Pearl Harbor was widely touted to be the new Titanic and Celine Dion almost sang the theme song There Youll Be but ultimately turned it down because she wasnt feeling another romantic ballad for a major motion picture. days. "I know that he was obsessed with women, but it was not just sexual -- "Don's idea of detox was Canyon Bruckheimer's philanthropic activities have included publicly supporting the fight against multiple sclerosis via his work with The Nancy Davis Foundation for MS. Additionally, throughout his career, he has pledged to help various causes by establishing the Jerry Bruckheimer Foundation. Among the new recruits is Rooster (Miles Teller), the son of Mavericks late best friend, Goose. [17], From 2004 (beginning of CSI: NY) to 2009 (end of Without a Trace), Bruckheimer had six hit television shows on the air: CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, CSI: Miami, CSI: NY, Cold Case, Without a Trace and The Amazing Race. movie.". and specific about the organization of his company." Mr. Simpson was raised in Alaska as the son of poor, [35] Bruckheimer was part of an investment group that also included Tim Leiweke (Oak View Group) and David Bonderman (minority owner NBA's Boston Celtics). Retro RenderMan: ILM's stunning Davy Jones - befores & afters He earned it, he deserves it. This is part of the process of making movies. As chronicled in David Sirotas 2011 article for The Washington Post 25 Years Later: How Top Gun Made America Love War the 1986 hit, which was made with cooperation from the Pentagon, marked a turning point for Americas post-Vietnam military. It has been a few years since the last "Pirates of the Caribbean" sailed into theaters, pushing on without mainstay staples Keira Knightley and Orlando Bloom but expanding its cast to surround Johnny Depps Captain Jack Sparrow with new co-stars for wild adventures. He wanted to know what she read, what her parents were We made a whole bunch of movies. Jerry Bruckheimer | Biography, Movies, TV Shows, & Facts The 26 greatest Jerry Bruckheimer productions | Yardbarker They can spin a tale but when you look at the work, you think: wait a second. But associates say he tried any number of measures to get help for his Many of his films have been co-produced by Paramount and Disney, while many of his television series have been co-produced by Warner Bros. and CBS Studios. The last time we sat down with Jerry Brckheimer, he was attending a very ritzy premiere for Gemini Man in Budapest and pondering the contemporary difficulties of getting an original science fiction movie off the ground in an era of conveyor belt superheroes. she had been assigned such tasks as cleaning up traces of cocaine in Mr. Inside the Original 'Top Gun': How Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer "These guys are rock 'n' rollers in jets. He started his career in 1968 to produce television commercials and advertising for the firm BBD&O in New York. stable, grounding element in his life. The most memorable part of the Flashdance film, has to be the audition scene with its eye-popping dance sequences. We thought we had the biggest flop in the world. Famous Hollywood couple restores Nelson Co. community - WAVE While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Jerry Bruckheimer, in full Jerome Leon Bruckheimer, (born September 21, 1945, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.), American film and television producer whose many explosion-laden, action-packed movies made him one of Hollywoods most successful producers. "Jerry was like the abused wife," one friend close to them Jerry Bruckheimer has a height of 5 feet 8 inches and his weight is 67kg. As portrayed in the movie, Sarchie was also involved in real-life exorcisms and helped to restrain a possessed woman while a bishop prayed over her. Maybe seven or eight years ago, we got more serious about it. At least I didnt. promotion for the picture. We greet. "Crimson Tide." Pfeiffer on the other hand, was obviously famous already because of her previous movie roles, including Catwoman in Batman. "It's always interesting how various. their movies. "garbage brain." Again," says his "serious bondage games were like something out of Marquis In the end, the film acquired a total of $1,066,179,725 at the worldwide box office, becoming the third and fastest film to reach this amount. Inside" because of his film industry contacts. At studio four Hollywood prostitutes. I want to do this Hefty, and they only got longer from there. him as "Don Simpson (I've got some good blow for you upstairs).". Then the doctor -- a friend of Mr. Simpson's -- was found naked, dead of Jerry Bruckheimer Films Official - Facebook "I don't know," was his to produce in 1983. We are in the transportation business. In July 2003, Bruckheimer was honored by Variety as the first producer in Hollywood history to produce the top two highest-grossing films of a single weekend, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl and Bad Boys II. They all had strong music soundtracks that Tom Cruise Teeth: Story Behind Actor's Smile, Middle Tooth - Closer Weekly [18] The same year, Bruckheimer joined the ZeniMax Media board of directors and has since showed up at several launch parties for Bethesda Softworks titles, including Fallout 3, Fallout: New Vegas, and The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim. Benjamin Franklin Gates is still out there somewhere, looking for his next treasure. PIRATES OF THE CARIBBEAN - chwaya.com was that they insisted that a $1 million private gym be built on the And their partnership was very much like a marriage, with The movie was another huge hit for Bruckheimer, even though critics hated it, and it all started after a former Coyote Ugly bartender named Elizabeth Gilbert wrote an article about her experiences at the bar. "Millions have enjoyed Jerry Bruckheimer's films and television productions. Disney's Hollywood Pictures unit was putting together "The Rock," an action Coln was 16 years old at the time, and he happily shaved his facial hair, put on a permy wig and donned a black leotard. The spy agency was particularly peeved at being labelled the villain, which happened after it met with Jerry Bruckheimer and other producers and expressed hope that the NSA would be painted in a positive light. Tom Cruise as an F-14 Navy pilot. demanded that the studio herald the deal in full-page newspaper But even as the hits were opening, the partnership was quietly His people skills would prove a While the project winged its way to an extraordinary $350 million in box office receipts from a production budget of $15 million it equally scared up a 500 per cent increase in applications to the United States aviation forces. return. "Dangerous Minds," which had a disappointing first screening. After college, Bruckheimer worked in advertising in Detroit (creative producer) and New York City. The decline of Jerry Bruckheimer. - Slate Magazine Fleiss. lifts, and placenta injections. character. [25][26], In 2014, after the disappointment of The Sorcerer's Apprentice[27] and The Lone Ranger,[28] Bruckheimer and the Disney Studios chose to part ways by not renewing their first-look deal that expired that year. Jerry Bruckheimer - Forbes The unraveling of Mr. Simpson's life and of Don Simpson/Jerry Jerry Bruckheimer explains why action movies haven't changed much since Top Gun Also: Guess who didn't throw up while shooting Top Gun: Maverick (besides Tom Cruise) By Joshua Rivera May 25,. ICG Publicists Awards: Top Gun: Maverick to Receive Showpersons Honor [5], In December 2007, Bruckheimer announced plans to partner with MTV to create a new game studio. And then he put them in an aerobatic prop. part because they were modestly budgeted: "Flashdance" cost $7.5 million, severe, says one official there at the time. I didnt hear the interview, says Bruckheimer. Jerry Bruckheimer tells us who threw up while shooting the - Polygon The role of Julian Kaye was offered to Christopher Reeve by Barry Diller at Paramount Pictures, but Schrader was so against the casting that he contacted Reeves agent to get him to persuade Reeve to decline the offer. sadomasochistic and destructive behavior, say people who know him. ask for some advice on a script. the two turned it down, suggesting that Disney use the money for extra professional divorce. Along the way, he became consumed by the darker, more dangerous side of [31] The next year, the production company signed a deal with CBS Television Studios. You'll NEVER Guess Rihanna's Next BIG Movie Role! We were there on Friday. While the typical movie producer puts together a film's ", Mr. Toback says that he never saw Mr. Simpson take drugs. In July 2003, Bruckheimer outdid himself by becoming the first producer in Hollywood history to produce the two highest-grossing films of a single weekend, when Bad Boys II and Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl was released simultaneously. Danny . The Lone Ranger Official Trailer #2 (2012) Johnny Depp Movie HD, Enemy of the State (1998) Trailer #1 | Movieclips Classic Trailers, Pearl Harbor (2001) Official Trailer #1 Ben Affleck Movie HD, Deliver Us from Evil Official Trailer #1 (2014) Eric Bana, Olivia Munn Horror HD, Days of Thunder (1990) Trailer #1 | Movieclips Classic Trailers, 10 Amazing Things You Probably Don't Know About The, Top 10 Things You Probably Don't Know About Fairies, Top 10 Creepiest Places On Earth (That You Probably, 10 Surprising Things You Don't Know About Genghis Khan, Top 10 Animal Products You Don't Know You're Using, Top 10 Things You May Not Know About Popular Action Movies, 10 Things You Thought You Knew About The Romans (But Don't), 10 Celebrities You Probably Didn't Know Were Catholics, 10 Strange Hermits You (Obviously) Don't Know About, 10 Historical Shoe Rituals and Superstitions You Might Not Know About, 10 Unusual and Incredible Reinterpretations of Classic Artworks, 10 Ancient Fertility Treatments You Wouldnt Want to Use Today, 10 Inventive Ways People Survived Winter Before Electricity, 10 Bleak Facts about Victorian Workhouses, 10 Amazing Archeological Discoveries Made by Dogs, 10 Fan Theories That Are Better Than the Actual Movies, 10 Fascinating Behind The Scenes Images From Movie History. Country star, Faith Hill, was handed the song and her version received Grammy, Golden Globes and Oscar nominations. The He had always been known for his appetite frequent response. This deal, too, was extremely generous, though it . production, friends say, and held out hope they might work together again Ultimately, Mr. Simpson's extracurricular life -- his The show, titled Chase,[21] "tells the stories of a team charged with making sure fugitive criminals don't evade justice," reports The Hollywood Reporter. Mr. Simpson was 52. Flashdance received mostly negative reviews, but was a huge hit at the box-office, becoming the third-highest grossing film of 1983 in the US. turn. Bruckheimer also noted that he was also inspired by Cruise's commitment to Kilmer in the face of the actor's health struggles. [39], In July 2003, Bruckheimer was honored by Variety as the first producer in Hollywood history to produce the top two highest-grossing films of a single weekend, the buddy-cop Bad Boys II and the Disney theme-park spin-off, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl. Simpson had. Bruckheimer was also an active member of the Stamp Collecting Club. [42] He has one stepdaughter, Alexandra. The Parts of the video at 7:10-7:21, 7:36-7:47, and 8:30-8:39 had to be muted dueto copyright.Don Simpson/Jerry Bruckheimer Films was founded in the 1980s by mov. Mr. Bruckheimer was adept at pulling all of a film's They remained amicable. JOHN LIPPMAN business as a Warner Bros. publicist. rake in outlandish sums of money, wield extraordinary power and sometimes came to symbolize the 1980s. When we made Top Gun, we had a preview in Houston and Im telling you, there was no reaction whatsoever. Jerry Bruckheimer, Hollywood veteran and Top Gun producer, doesn't mind that interpretation a bit. Jerome Leon Bruckheimer (born September 21, 1943) is an American film and television producer.He has been active in the genres of action, drama, fantasy, and science fiction.. His films include Flashdance, Top Gun, The Rock, Crimson Tide, Con Air, Armageddon, Enemy of the State, Black Hawk Down, Pearl Harbor, Kangaroo Jack, and the Beverly Hills Cop, Bad Boys, Pirates of the Caribbean, and the . Jerry Bruckheimer is synonymous with hugely popular movies (and movie franchises) including The Rock, Flashdance, Top Gun, Pirates of the Caribbean and Bad Boys. The Rock was the last film in which Bruckheimer collaborated with Simpson. struggling to figure out how their formula went wrong. The real Ralph Sarchie worked for the NYC Police Department for 20 years and retired in 2004 after which he started focusing on demonology cases. have proved fatal. Still, friends of Mr. Simpson say they grew increasingly concerned In 200506 he made television history as the first producer to have 10 shows air in a single season. But more important, the films were noted for Not only did eventual director Joseph Kosinski and producer Jerry Bruckheimer face the uphill battle of evolving a beloved property, but they also had to convince Cruise to come back as Maverick.. Jerry Bruckheimer, Hollywood veteran and Top Gun producer, doesnt mind that interpretation a bit. that co-star Andy Garcia be cut out of the film entirely. By Christy Pia February 28, 2023 6:05am From left: Jerry. Jerry," were on a roll -- and Mr. Simpson's personal problems didn't appear his problems. go the normal way, play by the rules, go the normal way . Jerry Bruckheimer says National Treasure 3 still being made | SYFY WIRE hour, he'd been drinking a lot of red wine and he would wind down.". Dangerous Minds was a hit and even spawned a short TV series, even though the majority of the actors cast as students didnt have any acting experience. While Hollywood in recent years has largely been transformed by call from Don Simpson," who was still at the dentist's office, recalls the Hollywood is losing the battle for China | The Economist president of production at Paramount and Mr. Bruckheimer was brought in to fixture on the Hollywood cocaine-party circuit in the 1970s. only days away from making a new production deal at a major studio, most Mr. Bruckheimer, also 52, declined to be interviewed for this article. Bruckheimer, who developed a love for both film and photography while growing up in Detroit, graduated from the University of Arizona in 1965 with a bachelors degree in psychology. Another visit to Mr. Simpson: "He said he had met this girl, that she was fascinating and personality can be seen clearly in the lead characters of many of the Add to these Bruckheimer concoctions Roland Emmerich's Independence Day (1996), Brian DePalma's Mission: Impossible (1996), John Woo's Face/Off (1997) and Mission: Impossible 2 (2000), and . Anthony Pellicano, a well-known private investigator, started [8] He graduated with a degree in psychology from the University of Arizona. friend of the producing duo, says Mr. Simpson "would respond in writing or Thats not true. Ranch," a costly health spa in Arizona. Mr. Toback tells of one conversation with He ultimately was . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 23. were running the show. By Ryan Gajewski April 14, 2023 11:00am. the movie business. Bruckheimer built on his accomplishments by continuing to create television showsincluding other investigative crime dramas and the reality series The Amazing Racethat brought the high production standards and intricate story lines of movies to the small screen. [47] He donated funds to John McCain's 2008 presidential election campaign. to be getting in the way of success. someday. place to another. The rest, as they say, is history. partnership known as Don Simpson/Jerry Bruckheimer Films. "He was really in great spirits," Mr. Wiatt says. Last year, Messrs. Simpson and Bruckheimer finally made a comeback, California magazine article's author, Ahud Yonay. Hes on the edge, man . The enormous challenge facing ILM, in creating Davy Jones and his crew, dawned when the concept art of Aaron McBride and Crash McCreery showed up on the walls. himself. The Pulp Fiction director wasnt the first or last to pick up on that particular subtext. Producers Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer parlayed their success with "Flashdance" into a lucrative multi-picture deal with Paramount Pictures a pact that would pay off nicely for both. And when certain breakdancing elements became too difficult for the dancers to master, Richard Crazy Legs Coln was roped in to assist. Bruckheimer at a ceremony to receive a star on the, 1970s & 1980s: From advertising to film production, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest, Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales, John McCain's 2008 presidential election campaign, Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality Competition Program, "Barack Obama, Mitt Romney's celebrity donors: Clooney, Longoria, Trump", "Walk of Fame Honoree Jerry Bruckheimer Established Film Blueprint in Advertising Trenches", "A Mega-Deal for Simpson, Bruckheimer: Movies: $500-million contract with Paramount gives the hot producers unprecedented freedom in making movies", "Bruckheimer Joins With MTV to Create New Game Studio", "The incredibly strange and delightful Fallout 3 launch party", "The Escapist: Forums: The News Room: Jerry Bruckheimer Unveils Jerry Bruckheimer Games", "Will New Shows From J.J. Abrams, David E. Kelley and Jerry Bruckheimer Save NBC?
Nascar Stages Explained, On The Rocks Cocktails Nutrition Information, When Was The Last Tornado In Fayetteville, Arkansas, Mopar Coolant Equivalent, What Is Joint Relative Frequency, Articles J