Below are some examples of what PMLE can look like. If the rash does not go away, a doctor may prescribe topical creams or medications to manage it. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. If in doubt, call a doctor. We avoid using tertiary references. [10] Further episodes of the irritable rash occur several hours to days following subsequent sun exposure. It wont leave any scarring. It can be mildly to markedly pruritic and general malaise, headache, fever, and nausea can occur in rare cases. It is sometimes referred to as "sun poisoning" or "sun allergy". Causes. This condition causes a red, itchy rash to form soon after youve been in the sun or exposed to artificial UV rays. Reactions to physical agents. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. It is most often found in females in the second or third decade of life and occurs in 10-15% of the U.S. population. Polymorphous light eruption (PLE) is the commonest immuno-mediated photodermatosis. The test is repeated on the same site daily for 3 days and the area examined to detect the typical rash. However, positive antinuclear antibody and extractable nuclear antigen (anti-Ro/La) in low titer may be detected, even in the absence of other criteria to suggest a diagnosis of lupus erythematosus. Self-care measures that may help ease signs and symptoms include: To lessen the likelihood of recurring episodes of polymorphous light eruption, take the following precautions: Cover up. This means that glass windows wont provide enough protection from the sun to prevent a PMLE reaction. There is no cure for PLE, but the condition often gets better on its own in a few days. [2], The main differential diagnosis is photosensitivity associated with lupus erythematosus, which may behave and appear similar but tends to be more persistent. Make your tax-deductible gift and be a part of the cutting-edge research and care that's changing medicine. Dermatology Made Easybook. Estradiol may act as an inhibitor to the UV light immunosuppression which would normally aid in reducing hypersensitivity reactions. Feel free to get in touch with us and send a message. arrow-right-small-blue Ros AM, Wennersten G. Current aspects of polymorphous light eruptions in Sweden. Well go over the causes of an ear keloid before diving into. Polymorphous light eruption : r/Skincare_Addiction - Reddit Polymorphic light eruption is a fairly common skin rash triggered by exposure to sunlight or artificial ultraviolet (UV) light. He or she may refer you to a specialist in skin diseases (dermatologist). Polymorphic Light Eruption: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis - Verywell Health Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS, is a set of symptoms related to a hormonal imbalance that can affect women and girls of reproductive age. There are often lymphocytes in the epidermis (exocytosis, figure 3). Figure 1 Without additional exposure it will heal on its own. Polymorphic light eruption is particularly common in places where sun exposure is uncommon, such as Northern Europe, where it is said to affect 10-20% of women holidaying in the Mediterranean area 2 . Polymorphous light eruption is the most common skin disease resulting from UV light exposure. PMLE is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction in the skin to unknown endogenous cutaneous photo-induced antigens. Learning Point. If you can, avoid the sun when its at its strongest during the middle of the day. The symptoms are usually self-limiting and go away after a few days. Photochemical [PubMed PMID: 22961505], Richards HL,Ling TC,Evangelou G,Brooke RC,Fortune DG,Rhodes LE, Evidence of high levels of anxiety and depression in polymorphic light eruption and their association with clinical and demographic variables. Polymorphous Light Eruption - Medscape Kittler H, Hnigsmann H, Tanew A: Antinuclear antibodies in patients with polymorphic light eruption: a long-term follow-up study. Learn more about the condition and its treatments here. Duteil L, Queille-Roussel C, Aladren S, Bustos X, Trullas C, Granger C, Krutmann J, Passeron T. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). wide-brimmed hats that cover your head, neck, and ears. Dermatol Clin. A provocative test in which UV radiation is used to confirm the diagnosis. 2014 Jul; [PubMed PMID: 24891050], Combalia A,Fernndez-Sartorio C,Fust X,Morgado-Carrasco D,Podlipnik S,Aguilera P, Successful Short Desensitization Treatment Protocol with Narrowband UVB Phototherapy (TL-01) in Polymorphic Light Eruption. The doctor will diagnose PLE if a skin biopsy shows: A doctor may also consider phototesting, which involves exposing the skin to UV light to see if the skin reacts. Etiology The cause of polymorphic light eruption is unknown. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. [6] It is thought to be due to a type IV delayed-type hypersensitivity to an allergen produced in the body following sunlight exposure,[12] in a genetically susceptible person. Accessed Dec. 9, 2021. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The .gov means its official. PMLE affects 10-15% of the US population [], but this number may be higher due to underreporting or patients not seeking medical attention.A Pubmed review reveals, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of a 41-year-old Hispanic female diagnosed with PMLE. Its most pronounced during the spring and early summer. Polymorphic light eruption. However, positive antinuclear antibody and extractable nuclear antigen (anti-Ro/La) in low titre may be found, even in the absence of other criteria to suggest a diagnosis of lupus erythematosus. In most patients with a polymorphic light eruption, blood tests willreveal normal results. Polymorphic light eruption is a skin reaction that appears after exposure to direct sunlight or other forms of UV light. She spent most of her time on the beach, in the shade. window.__mirage2 = {petok:"qA58IQ768GeOLKFViL7kQqLnoC_jvex_EJRsbmd4PEw-1800-0"}; Yet they can take some steps to reduce the symptoms, such as: If a person develops a rash suddenly, they should speak with a doctor for a diagnosis. Patients with PMLE can develop a tolerance during summer months. Epub 2016 Feb 25. Polymorphic light eruption. Gruber-Wackernagel A, Byrne SN, Wolf P. Polymorphous light eruption: clinic aspects and pathogenesis. Accessed Dec. 9, 2021. 1 mo. Erythema multiforme This generally shows more extensive epidermal necrosis, less spongiosis and the infiltrate often exclusively lymphocytic, Books about skin diseasesBooks about the skin An interface dermatitis may be seen and associated apoptotic keratinocytes in the epidermis. May 2022. There is a genetic susceptibility in 1546% of cases where a positive family history is reported. PLE is a relatively common skin disorder that is not easy to diagnose or manage. Note that this may not provide an exact translation in all languages, Home Other light eruptions and eczematous reactions Photoallergic reactions and contact dermatitis can show a dense lymphocytic infiltrate to resemble PMLE. PMLE is characterized by recurrent, abnormal, delayed reactions to sunlight, ranging from erythematous papules, papulovesicles, and plaques to erythema multiforme -like lesions on sunlight-exposed surfaces. and transmitted securely. What tests do I need? It occurs most often on areas of skin that haven't seen the sun for a while - it is more common on the arms and the . Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human However, the rash of lupus is inclined to be more persistent. A skin biopsy, or tissue sample, may be obtained to confirm the diagnosis. All rights reserved. When in situations that are likely to provoke the rash, cover up as much as possible with densely woven clothing. (2018). [6], Those experiencing sun exposure all year round seldom acquire PLE eruption. [2] However, the "hardening" effect, with respite during the later summer, frequently occurs with gradual exposure of sunlight,[5] eventually leading to significant improvement. The lesions occurred on the third day of her spring break vacation by the sea. The reaction usually happens during spring and early summer when exposure to sunlight increases. What side effects can I expect from treatment? It may persist for weeks or months if repeatedly exposed, although in most individuals gradual exposure leads to hardening so that the eruption does not occur in late summer. While the rash doesnt increase your risk of skin cancer, exposure to UV light does. Polymorphic light eruption (PMLE) is a rash which comes on after being in strong sunlight. This content does not have an English version. PMLE is generally treatable with both home remedies and medical interventions. Frequency of occurrence of polymorphic light eruption in patients treated with photohardening and patients treated with phototherapy for other diseases. It resolves without scarring. Your skin can build up a tolerance to UV light throughout the summer, but this will go away during the winter. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition. Boonstra HE, van Weelden H, Toonstra J, van Vloten WA. Cream! and transmitted securely. Polymorphous light eruption is a rash caused by sun exposure in people who have developed sensitivity to sunlight. The reaction usually happens during spring and early summer when exposure to sunlight increases. [7][8](Level V), Gruber-Wackernagel A,Byrne SN,Wolf P, Polymorphous light eruption: clinic aspects and pathogenesis. If your symptoms are severe, your health care provider may prescribe anti-itch medicine (a corticosteroid cream or pill). Polymorphous light eruption is the most common idiopathic photosensitivity reaction. Do they require any special preparation? 2008 Aug;24(4):164-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2008.00365.x. Frontiers in medicine. A 20-year-old woman with fair skin presents with intensely itchy small papules on the V-shaped neck area and dorsal aspects of her arms. This condition causes a red, itchy rash to form soon after you've been in the sun or exposed to artificial UV rays. However, once the diagnosis is made, the patient may be monitored by the primary care physician and nurse practitioner. Rarely, systemic features such as fever, malaise, and headaches, have been associated with the eruption. It is postulated that there is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to an endogenous antigen expressed after exposure to sunlight or artificial sources of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 02/20/2023. There are many clothing choices that can help you do this, such as: Polymorphous light eruption is a condition that causes your skin to react to light, usually UV light. Yes, Sun Allergies Are Real. Here's How To Know If You Have One. If the symptoms do not improve or are severe, a doctor may prescribe: Because people get vitamin D from the sun, people with PLE can be more at risk for vitamin D deficiency. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help PMLE typically resolves on its own without treatment. This should only be done by a professional. People with the condition usually experience symptoms at the same time of year, often when the skin first becomes exposed to sunlight after being covered up during winter. PLE can look like other skin conditions, some of which require prompt treatment. As the name suggests, clinical features can vary poly meaning many, morphic meaning forms. An official website of the United States government. Skin diseases due to physical and chemical causes", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polymorphous_light_eruption&oldid=1127125983, Skin conditions resulting from physical factors, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Shortly after sun exposure in people younger than age 30-years, This page was last edited on 13 December 2022, at 01:14. Find out if kids need different sunscreens from adults, if sunscreen can be toxic, and whether it matters if youre slathering on SPF 100. Presents in temperate climates and is more common where sun exposure is uncommon. Variegate porphyria[19] and hereditary coproporphyria[20] can also exhibit symptoms of light-induced blisters. DermNet does not provide an online consultation service.If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. None are generally needed. PMLE may be lifelong although 60% of people see improvement or resolution over 15 years and 75% of people in 30 years. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? Wear a hat with a brim and large sunglasses to protect the face and shoes that cover the feet. Whos at risk of getting polymorphous light eruption? Experts dont know exactly what causes this rash. Its important to note that, while UVA exposure is the typical cause, the rash can be a result of UVA or UVB exposure. Accessed Nov. 12, 2021. In polymorphic light eruption, sections show a superficial and deep perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate (figure 1). The rash can take many forms. Your first eruption of the year may be the most severe, with following eruptions progressively subtler. doi:10.1111/jdv.12470. Duration: can last from days to weeks and resolves faster if further sun exposure is avoided. Lei D, Wu W, Yang L, Li Y, Feng J, Lyu L, He L. Biotechnol Adv. What Causes White Spots to Form on Your Nipple? In Germany the female to male ratio has been cited as 9:1. You should reapply every 2 hours. For protection from the sun, wear tightly woven clothing that covers your arms and legs. The rash persists for several days then clears up without scarring if further exposure to UV is avoided. [22], Generally, PLE resolves without treatment; also, PLE irritations generally leave no scar. The eruption can appear within hours of sun exposure and last for days. It is generally itchy and uncomfortable. Review the presentation of polymorphic light eruption. It can worsen with repeated exposure to sunlight before the eruption has resolved. 2004 Feb;122(2):295-9. doi: 10.1046/j.0022-202X.2004.22201.x. Polymorphous Light Eruption Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment - Healthline Oakley AM, et al. Polymorphous light eruption (PLE) is a common skin rash that occurs due to sunlight exposure. Polymorphous means it looks different in different people. Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is a common skin rash generally caused by exposure to the suns ultraviolet (UV) light. Experts recommend using sunscreen thats SPF 50, broad spectrum (meaning it blocks both UVA and UVB rays), and water-resistant. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Therapy is based mainly on topical or systemic corticosteroids. 1987 Mar;88(3 Suppl):32s-38s. Sometimes, these papules appear in a dense formation, making the rash look similar to eczema or prickly heat. However, this study was small. The clinical manifestations befall within a few hours to days from light exposure, last a few days, and subside in about a week without sequelae. In: Andrews' Diseases of the Skin. PLE is a skin rash that occurs in response to sunlight. They will also perform a physical examination of the skin. Epub 2015 Jul 30. Management requires determining what provokes the eruption and then attempting to minimize this, while at the same timegradually increasing exposure to induce hardening. False negative responses occur in 10% to 40% of tested individuals. The British journal of dermatology. Murphy F, et al. It mimics the increased exposure you would experience during a summer. Dummer R, Ivanova K, Scheidegger EP, Burg G. Dermatology. For polymorphous light eruption, some basic questions to ask your health care provider include: Your health care provider will ask you a number of questions about your symptoms and your medical history, such as: Avoid sun exposure whenever possible. Polymorphic light eruption (PMLE) is a seasonal, acquired, idiopathic photodermatosis occurring in spring and early summer. Your health care provider can probably make a diagnosis of polymorphous light eruption based on a physical exam and your answers to questions. It is not always possible to completely prevent PLE in people who are prone to it. The eruption appears first on limited areas, but becomes more extensive during subsequent summers. Is it possible this condition is related to a more serious illness? Itchy, non-scarring lesions of distinct morphology are typical on sun-exposed body parts. Direct immunofluorescence testing is negative. [CDATA[ [2] PLE does not increase the risk of lupus. 2014;22:24. 2003;207(1):93-5. doi: 10.1159/000070956. PLE is considered as a delayed hypersensitivity response to newly UV induced, but still unidentified, antigen(s). Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. [25][26], Danish physician Carl Rasch first described the eczema-like polymorphic light eruption in 1900, following his interest in the effect of sunlight on the skin. Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is a common acquired disease entity belonging to the idiopathic photodermatoses.
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