This database contains state legislation related to the administration of elections introduced in 2011 through this year. Rule 2.79; Oklahoma Ethics Commission's Guide for Political Action Committees). Arizona (Const. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: At least 30 days must pass between the filing of the petition and the election (Const. Const. What is the function of an election in a democracy? 1953 20A-7-211). Circulator requirements: Must be age 18 or older and resident of Ohio (I.C. Art. See more. 22-24-416, First statewide election held more than 180 days after adjournment of the legislative session. Committee must create a "top funders sheet" that is included as part of the petition. Const. a. Al Gore and Bill Bradley in 2000 Art. Collected in-person: Yes (Const. Must file quarterly reports. Const. Next statewide or special election after the legislative session concludes sine die, and signatures submitted to appropriate state officials at least 10 days before submitted to secretary of state, which is the 50th day of the first regular session or the 25th day of the second regular session. Filed within one year of receiving notice that petitions are ready. An estimated fiscal impact statement must be printed with any constitutional amendment or initiated or referred measure on the ballot. Code reviser issues certificate of review (RCWA 29A.72.020; 29A.32.040; 29A.32.060). States with geographic requirements using entities that are unequal in population, such as counties or even state legislative districts, are more likely to have the requirement challenged in court (for example, see Montana). Who creates petitions: Secretary of state (ORC 3519.05(C)). If fiscal in nature, the attorney general orders the budget director to prepare. 2, 8). A ballot summary is prepared by Department of Legislative Services and approved by attorney general Elec. The committee must report on Jan. 15 of an election year all expenditures in excess of $1,000 or cumulative expenditures to one recipient in excess of $1,000 in the previous calendar year. Must report contributions received if more than$20 and all expenditures quarterly in off-election years, on the first Monday in May and every two weeks thereafter before the primary election, on the first day of each month beginning with the sixth full month before a major election, on the first Monday in September and on each Monday every two weeks thereafter before the major election, and 30 days after the major election. 3, 19). XLVII, Pt. II, 1b). There is a 15-day cure period after a statement of insufficiency is issued by the secretary of state, and proponents may deliver additional signatures during this time. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: 180 days must pass after adjournment of the legislature and the election (Const. 3, 17(2)). 901), Proponent organization and requirements: Any organization supervising or managing petition circulation must register with secretary of state (21-A M.R.S.A. d. Political machine bosses controlled the entire nominating process. Art. Art. Submission deadline of signatures: No later than three months and three weeks before the election and made by 3 p.m. on the day of filing (C.R.S.A. Art. Art. Art. Majority to pass: Yes (M.R.S.A. Art. 295.055; 295.009). Art. 4). 1-40-111), Paid per signature: Allowed but must obtain license and training (CRS 1-40-135), Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (C.R.S.A. 11 3), Who can sign the petition: Registered voter in the county in which the petition circulates (F.S.A. 1(6B)). Petition title and summary creation: The title of the bill being referred is included on the petition (34 OS 1). 48, Pt. 54 53). Art. Art. III, 2). 34-1813); and Maine (21-A M.R.S.A. L-04, 2011 WL 1130010 (July 5, 2011). 23-17-17; 23-17-19, Montana: MCA 13-27-201; 13-27-202; 13-27-204; 13-27-207, Nebraska: Neb.Rev.St. Updates? Const. St. 32-1410), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Four months prior to the general election (Neb. Laws 168.471. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Suspended upon filing of petition signatures (Const. d. the label for whoever is leading in the polls on the day of the election, 31. 18. A committee must be formed upon the occurrence of any of the following in a calendar year: receiving $2,000 or more in contributions, , making independent expenditures totaling $1,000 or more or making contributions totaling $10,000 or more. For statutory initiatives, must be submitted to be verified before appearing before the legislature on the second Tuesday in November in even-numbered years, or the next day (N.R.S. Art. III, 3 and NRS 32-1407). Withdrawal process of individual signature: Must do before submitted to secretary of state (NDCC, 16.1-01-09). A.R.S. 19, 2; Art. The initiative process allows citizens to propose a new statute or constitutional amendment. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! 905-A; M.R.S.A. d. Most European nations do not elect representatives, 13. From each of at least 26 Utah State Senate districts, legal signatures equal to 5 % for indirect or 10 % for direct initiatives of the total of all votes cast in that district for all candidates for U.S. president at the last general election (U.C.A. Must file monthly financial reports with the Ethics Commission. Art. Withdrawal of petition: Proponents may withdraw a measure at any time before filing the petition (Elec. Fiscal review: The chief legislative budget officer prepares a fiscal analysis, the summary of which will appear on the ballot (MS Const. Must be 18 or older and a U.S. citizen (M.C.L.A. Art. Which election: General election (SDCL 2-1-17). 3; Const. Circulator requirements: Resident of South Dakota who is at least 18 years old (SDCL 12-1-3). Denial of certification shall be subject to judicial review (Const. 2, Sec. Ballot Initiatives | State of California - Department of Justice If an indirect initiative is rejected, the proposition is submitted to a popular vote, sometimes accompanied on the ballot by the legislatures alternative proposal or a statement of the reasons for the rejection. The most common requirements: that they be at least 18 years old, a citizen, a registered voter and/or a resident of the state. The title may be different from the legislative title, but in all cases the legislative title shall be sufficient (Const. Petitions must be filed within 90 days after the legislative session at which the law was passed adjourns either sine die or for more than 90 days. Art. Paid per signature: Cannot pay based on signature total collected. Collected in-person: Yes (U.C.A. Timeline for collecting signatures: Not more than 24 months (A.R.S. Art. Petition includes the title of the referred law. Ballot title appears on the petition (RCW 29A.72.120). Submission deadline of signatures: Must be 120 days before the election it is to be voted upon (NDCC Const. They must also designate a committee of five to represent the proponents (O.R.C. The next regular or general election occurring subsequent to the 125 days after filing signatures. Stat. 48, Init., Pt. Const. 3, 17(3)). V, 3). Code Ann. Types allowed: Initiative for constitutional amendments only, Single subject rule: Yes (F.S.A. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Art. Art. Who can sign the petition: Registered electors of the state (M.C.L.A. 15, 273). Who can sign the petition: Electors of the state (Const. Which election: Regular election (State, congressional, or municipal) or a special election called by proper official or when 15% of voters petition for one (Const. The next general election after signature petitions filed, a legislative session has convened and adjourned, and 120 days after the legislative session adjournment. 5, 57; Art. Referendum within the United States normally refer specifically to questions about striking down enacted law, known internationally as the popular referendum . Who creates petitions: A voter must print the petitions in the form approved by the secretary of state (21-A MRS 901). Art. Any person who pays or receives compensation to circulate a referendum petition must file a statement to that effect with the secretary of state before circulation begins. Legislature or other government official review: The Financial Impact Estimating Conference members of one person from the governors office, the coordinator of the Office of Economic and Demographic Research, one professional senate staffer and one professional house staffer (F.S.A. 15, 273). d. the unitary system. 3519.01). Registration must include the circulator's full name, residence address, phone number and email address; the petition for which the circulator will gather signatures; a statement that the circulator consents to the jurisdiction of the courts of Arizona in resolving any disputes concerning the circulation of petitions by the circulator; the address of the committee in Arizona for whom the circulator works and will accept service of process related to disputes; a notarized affidavit by the circulator (ARS 16-118). Who writes this varies. Must be signed by at least 100 qualified voters as sponsors. Art. Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites. The law states that we can store cookies on your device if they are strictly necessary for the operation of this site. A legislature committee also reviews the measure by a deadline (N.R.S. Art. 250.045). 2, 3; M.G.L.A. Regular election unless otherwise ordered by Legislative Assembly, and restrictions of four months prior to the general election. Art. For statutory initiatives, must be submitted to be verified before appearing before the legislature on the second Tuesday in November in even-numbered years, or the next day. Art. L-04, 2011 WL 1130010 (July 5, 2011). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Reports of expenditures and contributions received are required quarterly in non-election years and monthly, March through November, in election years. Submission deadline for signatures: June 1 (Const. a. majority Art. 3519.22). Referendum is a decision for the general assembly to put a bill on the ballot. 34-1811, 34-1813). III, 3). 8). Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to regular reports filed with Ethics Commission, deadlines for filing, dollar amounts to report, dollar limits on contribution amounts, and no donations from PACs or anonymous contributors (A.C.A. Art. When formed as a ballot question committee, it must file campaign statements and other forms with the Nebraska Accountability and Disclosure Commission, all on a set timeline. 7-9-111). Const. Tit. Art. 8; 9). Const. Direct democracy takes many forms. Obligatory and optional referenda should be distinguished from the voluntary referenda that legislatures submit to the voters to decide an issue or test public opinion. Art. 3, 1 and Const. The committees select a chair and may prepare arguments and rebuttals, which will be reviewed by the secretary of state for the ballot (N.R.S. Submission deadline of signatures: Ninety days before the first day of the legislative session (Miss. Ballot title and summary: Prepared jointly by the secretary of state and attorney general (IC 34-1810(1)(b)). 3501.38). Const. 7-9-104; 7-9-108), General review of petition: Exact petition copy filed with secretary of state and approval of title by attorney general (A.C.A. Which election is a measure on: The next regular or general election occurring subsequent to the 125 days after filing signatures (OH Const. Rule 2.36; Okl.St.Ann. What unusual act did the Texas legislature perform in 2002? Either way, the measure is put before the people (MS Const. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due by the 15th of every April and October. Amend. Art. Const. V, 3; 34 Okl.St.Ann. II, 1g; O.R.C. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: For the purposes of the second paragraph of Const. Legislature may hold public hearings and must hold a committee hearing once 25 percent of signatures are collected (Cal.Gov.Code 12172; 10243; 12172; Cal.Elec.Code 9007; 9034). 1-45-103, 1-45-108.3, 1-45-111.5 1-45-117, Maine: 21-A M.R.S.A. Initiative referendum: A citizen-led process to propose and vote on new laws. Pre-election statements must be filed 40 and 12 days before the election. 3, 52(e) and Wyo. Three or more registrars must certify the petitions and follow other rules as per administrative regulations 950 CMR 55 (M.G.L.A. Fifteen % for amendments (A.R.S. Which election is a measure on: General election (N.R.S. Petition title and summary creation: Attorney general, after receiving written comments from the Legislative Research Council (SDCL 12-13-25.1), What is on each petition: Secretary of state reviews the petitions and each shall contain the full text of the initiative, the date of the general election it is to be voted on, the title and explanation prepared by the attorney general, accompanied by a notarized affidavit signed by each person who is a sponsor, and accompanied by statement of organization. Timeline for taking effect: 10 days after the official declaration of the vote (Const. b. that Kennedy had a much stronger performance than Nixon during televised I consent to the use of following cookies: Necessary cookies help make a website usable by enabling basic functions like page navigation and access to secure areas of the website. Petition title and summary creation: Petition must include a summary of 100 words or less (MCL 168.482). The term the Aboriginal Race was used in the question. 34-1802). Secretary of state, revisor of statutes and attorney general, M.G.L.A. Stat. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Not automatically, though the law can be suspended with a higher signature threshold and an earlier submission deadline25% of the total vote cast in the last election, including 25% of the votes cast in each of 3/4 of the counties, submitted no later than 90 days after the adjournment of the legislative session (Const. 3, 51; V.A.M.S. III, 5(1) and MCA 13-27-301. Const. The required signatures must be distributed equally among all of the petition districts (NRS 295.012 and NRS 293.127563). Paid per signature: The 2017 ban on paying circulators per signature was overturned in May 2022. Code Ann. Signers must be residents in at least three-fourths of the state house districts, and signatures in each house district must equal in number at least 7% of those who voted in the preceding general election, 3% of total votes cast for the office of governor from at least 15 counties. Referendum and initiative | Definition, Forms, History, & Facts II, 1g; O.R.C. If the petitions were filed at least 165 days before the election and the submission deadline has not passed, and the signatures are deemed insufficient, petitioners may submit more signatures. II, 9, a law that is the subject of the referendum continues to be effective until the referendum is properly invoked, which occurs when the board of state canvassers makes its official declaration of the sufficiency of the referendum petition (MCL 168.477(2)). Vote requirement for passage: Majority and not less than 35% of the total vote cast at the election (Const. The primary purpose of both is to give voters an opportunity to approve or reject laws either proposed or enacted by the Legislature. 11 5). Maine: Secretary of state, along with revisor of statutes, may reject petition application if it does not conform to drafting conventions for statutes. All states require proponents of a popular referendum to follow guidelines. Art. Procedures vary from state to state, but in general if the legislature has not adopted the proposal, the initiative question goes on the ballot. 3, 17). Legislature or other government official review: Attorney general and Supreme Court are part of the signature verification process and the ability of the public to protest as to the constitutionality of the measure. Other types of review might include recommendations on wording. (21-A M.R.S.A. a. is limited by a cap of $50 million. 5, 1), and 60 percent of voters in Florida (F.S.A. Collected in-person: Yes, In-person (21-A MRS 902). 23 States have a popular referendum process. Code 84200). art. Who creates petitions: Sponsors create the petition. Referendum Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com 32-1405.01; 32-1405). III, 3 and NDCC 16.1-01-09(2)). II, 1c and 1g). d. Kennedy's aggressive use of push polls, especially in the Northeast. Repeal or change restrictions: No veto by governor. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Registration is required prior to making an expenditure for or against a ballot measure; group name must include the title or common name of the measure if the group intends to make more than 50% of its contributions or expenditures toward a single measure (AS 15.13.050). Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state drafts a short and concise statement that fairly represents the proposal; approved by the attorney general (NDCC 16.1-01-09). XVI, 3(b)). Washington: equal to one-third (Const. Sponsors of advertising must file a report within 24 hours of the time the advertisement is published, mailed or otherwise revealed to the public if the advertisement qualifies as an independent expenditure or has a fair market value or actual cost of $1,000 or more (RCW 42.17A.260). For initiated state statutesorveto referendums, signatures must be gathered from 5% of qualified electors in each of one-third (34) of the state's 100 legislative districts (MT CONST Art. Indirect initiated constitutional amendment, Combined initiated constitutional amendment and state statute, commission-referred constitutional amendments, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, Forms of direct democracy in the American states, Laws governing citizen grand juries in Kansas, Laws governing citizen grand juries in Nevada, Laws governing citizen grand juries in North Dakota, Laws governing citizen grand juries in New Mexico, Laws governing citizen grand juries in Nebraska, Laws governing citizen grand juries in Oklahoma, https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Initiative_and_referendum&oldid=9086757, Conflicts in school board elections, 2021-2022, Special Congressional elections (2023-2024), 2022 Congressional Competitiveness Report, State Executive Competitiveness Report, 2022, State Legislative Competitiveness Report, 2022, Partisanship in 2022 United States local elections. 4, 1, Pt. What is the purpose of a referendum? 1953 20A-7-202).